17. Contour Map

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Contour maps are very versatile in regards to the information they represent. Contour maps can portray 3-D information in a 2-D format. Each line is called a contour interval and represents a point where there is no elevational change. This particular map shows elevational change in the form of depressions. The two purple regions represent the lowest points at -4100 feet. 

16. Mercator Projections

Mercator projections are cylindrical projections used to represent the earth's spherical shape on a flat surface. They have true shape and maintain conformality but they distort area. For example this transverse mercator portrays South America as a larger land mass than North America when it is in fact the other way around.

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15. Histogram

Histograms, also known as bar graphs, exhibit tabulated frequency. Similar to a stem-plot it illustrates distribution. This particular graph indicates that the most common score (mode) on the test was an 85%.

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14. Windrose

This type of map diagram is used to depict the general wind direction at a certain location during an allotted observation period. This particular diagram shows a strong wind in the NW direction nearly 5% of the time. 

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13. Doppler Radar

Doppler radar is used to estimate the type of precipitation and the speed/direction of the system (i.e. hurricane, tornado, thunderstorm). Doppler radar images are planimetric, and the colored regions represent isotachs. They indicate that the eye of the hurricane is in Tampa and that heavy rainfall and thunderstorms reach all the way to St. Augustine. This image shows the doppler reflectivities as well as the rotational velocities.

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12. Propaganda Map

According to critical cartography, maps can be designed to deceive and manipulate OR portray the world from a political, social, and/or economic point of view. This specific propaganda map is used to communicate power relations between the U.S. and Russia during the Cold War along with other points. Japan is drawn as a car referencing their ability to "monopolize" the automobile industry (Toyotas are #1 selling brand of car for example). "America" is also portrayed by political affiliations rather than state borders. This map is also an example of the cartographic paradox.

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11. Similarity Matrix

This type of graph is used in gene mapping and convey similarities between different genes. These types of maps can ultimately be used in genetic research to determine what genes are related and how they interact. Dark red indicates high similarity.

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